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A number Puzzle in which a group of arithmetical operations has some or all of its Digits replaced by letters or symbols, and where the original Digits must be found. In such a puzzle, each letter represents a unique digit.
See also Alphametic, Digimetic, Skeleton Division
References
Bogomolny, A.  ``Cryptarithms.''  
http://www.cut-the-knot.com/st_crypto.html.
 
Brooke, M.  One Hundred & Fifty Puzzles in Crypt-Arithmetic.  New York: Dover, 1963.
 
Kraitchik, M.  ``Cryptarithmetic.''  §3.11 in Mathematical Recreations.  New York: W. W. Norton, pp. 79-83, 1942.
 
Marks, R. W.  The New Mathematics Dictionary and Handbook.  New York: Bantam Books, 1964.