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A generalization of the Kuratowski Reduction Theorem by Robertson and Seymour, which states that the collection of finite graphs is well-quasi-ordered by minor embeddability, from which it follows that Kuratowski's ``forbidden minor'' embedding obstruction generalizes to higher genus surfaces.
Formally, for a fixed Integer 
, there is a finite
list of graphs 
 with the property that a graph 
 embeds on a surface of genus 
 Iff it does not contain,
as a minor, any of the graphs on the list 
.
References
Fellows, M. R. ``The Robertson-Seymour Theorems: A Survey of Applications.''  Comtemp. Math. 89, 1-18, 1987.